Genet Affair and Neutrality Proclamation :: essays research papers

Washington’s Neutrality Proclamation and the Genã ªt Affair Edmond Charles Édouard Genã ªt (1763-1834) had been an agent for France in Vienna, St. Petersburg, and Berlin not long before the French Revolution. A brief timeframe later, in 1792, he was expelled from his situation in Russia due to his progressive interests.      At this time, Americans were following the French Revolution intently, however France’s revelation of war on Great Britain hadn’t incredibly influenced American legislative issues, yet. This changed in 1972, when as a matter of fact Edmond Charles Genã ªt was picked to fill in as the new French emissary to the United States. At the point when he showed up, French supporters went insane. Genã ªt saw this and chose to utilize his new fame and impact to follow up on his extreme convictions. He endeavored to assemble troops to dispatch an assault on Spanish Florida and pay armadas of privateers to disable British trade. These activities abused Washington’s guarantee to remain "friendly and unprejudiced toward the pugnacious powers" which was the premise of his Neutrality Proclamation. Washington concocted this bargain, which avoided the United States from the French Revolutionary Wars since America was still generally youthful and caught off guard for association in such global clash. Hesitant to break his own terms and aggravated by such intentional demonstrations of resistance, the President, sponsored by Alexander Hamilton (star British), responded with solid restriction towards Genã ªt’s shows. Numerous other French supporters like Genã ªt had been gone after for disregarding the lack of bias, however were ensured by ace French juries. Washington prohibited the utilization of U.S. ports to the privateers, so Genã ªt took steps to go to the individuals for their feeling. This had gone excessively far, so the President expeditiously beseeched that the French government review their irksome clergyman. They assented without contention, and Genã ªt was approached to come back to his nation.

Business Proposal Checklist

Clarify how vitality advanced after some time Into a consumable decent. Does It despite everything fulfill the first requirement for which It was made? Why or why not? How have our essential requirements for vitality changed? As per Breach (20061 the day by day vitality use per individual has expanded from 2,000 kcal when people were only trackers to 244,526 kcal in 2000. From the earliest starting point of humankind, we have utilized vitality, First by setting wood and different materials ablaze, utilizing creatures to aid dither assignments, to utilizing hardware, to at last developing to the huge utilization of vitality today.Today vitality Is as yet expected to cook our DOD and make our day by day lives simpler therefore fulfilling the first need. In spite of the fact that vitality is as yet important, I accept people utilize a lot of Reference: Breach, A. J. (2006). Vitality: Physical, ecological, and social Impact (third De. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson-Prentice Hall. WOK -Q: What is the association between populace development and vitality use? How are each interrelated to the flexibly and request of vitality utilization and creation? Clarify your answer. The Increase In populace Is upheld by the consistent increment of our utilization of energy.Modern culture is reliant on a monstrous measure of vitality. In the event that that vitality were not accessible or on the off chance that it declined at any huge sum, it could detrimentally affect the populace. Should vitality supplies decrease, cost will increment, and the monetary tested populace may need to abandon required fuel or power. On the off chance that they are as of now underneath a supporting level, this could be deplorable. WOK-Q: Why is it more costly to transmit power locally than over significant distances? It would be ideal if you list different purposes behind this. For what reason would a vitality plant need to convey power locally if there are less benefit margins?According to Breach (2006), 10% of electric vitality Is lost In the transmission procedure. Of the 10%, eight percent Is misfortune locally. There are higher misfortunes of vitality at exceptionally low dissemination voltage. In this way, the expense to transmit power locally is progressively costly. The expansion in piece of the pie, showcase development, and no real way to capacity unused vitality, would be reasons why a vitality plant would need to appropriate power locally despite the fact that overall revenues were less. Penetrate, A. J. (2006). Vitality: Physical, ecological, and social effect (third De. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson-Prentice Hall.WOK-Q: Explain what is implied by base burden, middle of the road burden, and pinnacle load. For what reason are these incepts essential to understanding the creation of power and vitality the board? How do these identify with the end clients of the item? As indicated by Breach, base burden is the fundamental measure of power that is constantly req uired. Base burden is produced by the utilities enormous offices. Middle of the road load is the measure of power that gradually cycles on and off. Pinnacle load is the time wherein interest for power is the best. Pinnacle load is generally just a couple of hours a day.Utilities satisfy top burden need by utilizing extra generators that can be expressed rapidly. Power can't be effectively put away. In this way, request must be foreseen by the service organization. Season and time of day are the prevail drivers of utilization. Enough power should be provided to fulfill need on the most sweltering day of summer. Keeping up a solid electric framework without interfering with capacity to the buyer can't be practiced without the equalization of gracefully and request. Portray the degree of harm done to the force framework during Hurricane Strain in Mississippi, Texas, and Louisiana.

Literature Character Analysis of Boy 21 by Matthew Quick - 550 Words

Literature Character Analysis of Boy 21 by Matthew Quick (Essay Sample) Content: Character Analysis of Boy 21 by Matthew QuickName:Institutional Affiliation:Character Analysis of Boy 21 by Matthew QuickBoy 21 by Matthew Quick is an entrancing novel that dwells on matters basketball, friendship, love, and madness. The author who possesses an interest in mental health matters is an award-winning author known not only for Boy 21 but other famous books such as The Silver Linings Playbook that was transformed into an Oscar-winning movie featuring Bradley Cooper. Just like other novels by Matthew Quick, Boy21 narration takes readers on the same path by reflecting on the perplexing workings of its major characters. The central themes of transformation, hope, and community depicted in the book together with the excellent writing style employed by the author make Boy21 such a great success from start to the end. This essay dwells on character analysis of both the major and minor characters featured in the novel among them Finley McManus, Russ (referred to as Boy 21), and Erin (Finleys girlfriend).The story starts with Finley who is a self-proclaimed speaker staying in an unpleasant world. Finley McManus comes from Belmont, a town that is fictional situated in Philadelphia and populated by African Americans well as blue-collar Irish (Quick, 2014). Upon going through the novel, one realizes that an unspeakable catastrophe has struck Finley, a thing kept hidden that has altered his view on life. Due to his unfortunate past, he has committed himself entirely to basketball game he loved most, his family and the girlfriend Erin. These are the circles of Finley McManus's life as he endeavors to survive in Belmont in the midst of all manner of violence, mob, and drugs. The racial strain is additionally palpable, and keeping in mind that his dad must work to sustain the family, Finley, on the other hand, must take care of his disabled grandfather back at home.Finley McManus lives for basketball. The redundancy and development quiet him and sh ield him from considering the more significant part of the darkness his mind keeps pushing him to. He is focused to the point that he even parts ways with his girlfriend at the start of every basketball season and thus the game becomes his new sweetheart thou temporal. One cannot point the finger at him since he truly lacks something else to grant him hope. Finley, you are special too. You need not to pick the role you will play in life. However, it is prudent to accomplish whatever role that comes across you in the best manner you can.Matthew Quick's novel tends to the transitioning tropes of character and community, together with the perplexi...

Spectroscopy Introduction

Spectroscopy is a technique that uses the interaction of energy with a sample to perform an analysis. What Is a Spectrum? The data that is obtained from spectroscopy is called a spectrum. A spectrum is a plot of the intensity of energy detected versus the wavelength (or mass or momentum or frequency, etc.) of the energy. What Information Is Obtained? A spectrum can be used to obtain information about atomic and molecular energy levels, molecular geometries, chemical bonds, interactions of molecules, and related processes. Often, spectra are used to identify the components of a sample (qualitative analysis). Spectra may also be used to measure the amount of material in a sample (quantitative analysis). What Instruments Are Needed? Several instruments are used to perform spectroscopic analysis. In simplest terms, spectroscopy requires an energy source (commonly a laser, but this could be an ion source or radiation source) and a device for measuring the change in the energy source after it has interacted with the sample (often a spectrophotometer or interferometer). What Are Some Types of Spectroscopy? There are as many different types of spectroscopy as there are energy sources! Here are some examples: Astronomical Spectroscopy Energy from celestial objects is used to analyze their chemical composition, density, pressure, temperature, magnetic fields, velocity, and other characteristics. There are many energy types (spectroscopies) that may be used in astronomical spectroscopy. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy Energy absorbed by the sample is used to assess its characteristics. Sometimes absorbed energy causes light to be released from the sample, which may be measured by a technique such as fluorescence spectroscopy. Attenuated Total Reflectance Spectroscopy This is the study of substances in thin films or on surfaces. The sample is penetrated by an energy beam one or more times, and the reflected energy is analyzed. Attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy and the related technique called frustrated multiple internal reflection spectroscopy are used to analyze coatings and opaque liquids. Electron Paramagnetic Spectroscopy This is a microwave technique based on splitting electronic energy fields in a magnetic field. It is used to determine structures of samples containing unpaired electrons. Electron Spectroscopy There are several types of electron spectroscopy, all associated with measuring changes in electronic energy levels. Fourier Transform Spectroscopy This is a family of spectroscopic techniques in which the sample is irradiated by all relevant wavelengths simultaneously for a short period of time. The absorption spectrum is obtained by applying mathematical analysis to the resulting energy pattern. Gamma-ray Spectroscopy Gamma radiation is the energy source in this type of spectroscopy, which includes activation analysis and Mossbauer spectroscopy. Infrared Spectroscopy The infrared absorption spectrum of a substance is sometimes called its molecular fingerprint. Although frequently used to identify materials, infrared spectroscopy also may be used to quantify the number of absorbing molecules. Laser Spectroscopy Absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy commonly use laser light as an energy source. Laser spectroscopies provide information about the interaction of coherent light with matter. Laser spectroscopy generally has high resolution and sensitivity. Mass Spectrometry A mass spectrometer source produces ions. Information about a sample may be obtained by analyzing the dispersion of ions when they interact with the sample, generally using the mass-to-charge ratio. Multiplex or Frequency-Modulated Spectroscopy In this type of spectroscopy, each optical wavelength that is recorded is encoded with an audio frequency containing the original wavelength information. A wavelength analyzer can then reconstruct the original spectrum. Raman Spectroscopy Raman scattering of light by molecules may be used to provide information on a samples chemical composition and molecular structure. X-ray Spectroscopy This technique involves excitation of inner electrons of atoms, which may be seen as x-ray absorption. An x-ray fluorescence emission spectrum may be produced when an electron falls from a higher energy state into the vacancy created by the absorbed energy.

Web Search Engine and Google Essay - 753 Words

Case Discussion Questions: 1. How does Google’s mission drive strategy at the company? Google had a framework and foundation with the vision to obtain the business of China’s customers with little to now censorship. Seeing that they needed China in the market, Google not only followed their own policies but also made key decisions adopted by the management which had major financial impact. To remain true to their mission of â€Å"to organize the world’s information and make it universally acceptable and useful† (Jones, 2008) they had to decide whether or not to move operations to China or remain in the U.S. The direction of the organization toward keeping that mission was effective when they decided to move operations to China and†¦show more content†¦Google focused on customer needs (accessing information) and then provided solutions to make this happen. When a company takes pride upon itself and initiative to do the right thing, many times the government will not cause them as much stress as if they had not in the first place. By utilizing self-censorship, they weren’t being â€Å"evil† but rather adhering to China’s governmental requests and requirements for business. Moreover, when a company chooses censorship on its own it may show the governments that they are willing to not only follow their laws without issue but also to put their nations people first as well. Many times when a government wants to censor for you they will also censor more than the company would have done for them. Google may have deterred this by performing self-censorship as well. 4. If all foreign search engine companies declined to invest directly in China due to concerns over censorship, what do you think the results would be? Who would benefit most from this action? Who would lose the most? As mentioned in the excerpt, China is one of the largest nations in the world and if this occurred then I fear the results would be that not only China would lose access to a huge service but companies all over the world would falter in many areas (Jones, 2008). Billions of dollars would be lost by not onlyShow MoreRelatedWeb Search Engine and Google3206 Words   |  13 PagesGOOGLE INC. HARVARD BUSINESS CASE #9-806-105 INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND In December of 2005, six years after its founding and twenty-one months after the company went public, search engine giant Google, Inc. had grown into not just probably the world’s biggest and most successful Internet companies, but also one of America’s biggest business success stories. Founded by two Stanford graduate students, Google was in many ways the quintessential American business success story. Sergey Brin andRead MoreGoogle A Web Based Search Engine For The Internet843 Words   |  4 PagesSergey Brin, credited a web-based search engine for the internet. The program s first name was Backrub and was later changed to Google in 1998. Google is one of the best known and admired companies in the world. Their search engine on the internet today usually gets 1 billion searches per day. Google grew from 10 employees working in a garage to over 10,000 employees worldwide. Google was the first to put the customer first into their internet search engines. Their mission statementRead MoreGoogle And The Google Search Engine Essay984 Words   |  4 PagesGoogle s Rise to Prominence Want to find the answer to a difficult and complex linear algebra problem that seems unsolvable? Google it. Want to find out how to officially join Justin Bieber fan club? Google it. Want to find out who Justin Bieber is? Google it. Not long ago, people had to go to the library to search for information. Nowadays, people get their information from search engines through the Internet. Google has become the new library to quickly access information. If a question pops upRead MoreSearch Engine Optimization ( Seo )1491 Words   |  6 PagesSearch Engine Optimization (SEO) refers to a range of integrated techniques with the goal of securing higher Organic Search rankings (results on the left hand side of the page when one search for a specific keywords on the search engine) on the search engine for keywords/key phrases (Jaegel and Smyth). SEO is the process of affecting the visibility of a website or web page in a search engine’s unpaid results- often referred to as organic result s (Wikipedia). 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Generally accepted as an industry leader in web search engines, Google has rapidly developed into one of the most valuable companies in the world. Controlling roughly 6 7.5 percent of U.S. based search queries; Google has establishedRead MoreSearch Engine Optimization For Local Seo Services1375 Words   |  6 PagesThe flourishing variety of search engine organizations indicates how well-liked the sector has grown to be. These organizations have knowledgeable Search engine optimization authorities who will assist create your web site content material. In spite of the all-natural understanding that Search engine optimization techniques are complex, these firms can help you possess a firm grasp of what s necessary using a higher degree of simplicity. They employ extensive Search engine marketing approaches thatRead MoreGoogles Business Level Strategy Essay examples942 Words   |  4 PagesStrategy Google currently pursues the generic business level strategy of differentiation. Google offers many unique products and services to many different kinds of customers. By offering so many distinct products and services, Google is able to achieve a competitive advantage. The Google web search engine, the company’s most popular service, offers users a more reliable way to search. Google’s web search engine has differentiated itself from competing search engines by utilizing aRead More Google vs. Msn Essay1232 Words   |  5 PagesGoogle vs. Msn One of the wonderful things about the internet is how it makes life much easier if the information can be found in the convenience of the home instead of going to a library and making a day out of it. This is especially true if the internet offers updated information as soon as it happens were as a library may only update a few things every week or month at a time. It is truly remarkable how much information can be found and because of this it isn’t unbelievable thatRead MoreA Web Search Engine For Information On The World Wide Web1250 Words   |  5 PagesA web search engine is a software system that is designed to search for information on the World Wide Web. The search results are generally presented in a line of results often referred to as search engine results pages (SERPs).If you want to understand it in simple terms: Search engines are basically a web based tool that enables the users to find information on the World Wide Web.The information may be a mix of web pages, images, and other types of files. The world wide web is so huge that it

The Monomyth and the Cosmogonic Cycle free essay sample

At the turn of the 20th century, monomyth, by definition, is the outline that associates a story to a human experience. The term was originally created by the author James Joyce, in his novel, Finnegan’s Wake, And then and too the trivials! And their bivouac! And his monomyth! Ah ho! Say no more about it! I’m sorry! I saw. I’m sorry! I’m sorry to say I saw! (Joyce 575) Few decades later, Joseph Campbell, a grad student at the time, writes a book on the Monomyth, The Hero with a Thousand Faces. In his first work that utilizes the monomyth, Joseph Campbell draws â€Å"how these repetitive universal myths are evident in our stories, in our lives and in our souls. † (â€Å"Monomyth. org†) In this novel, Campbell presents the notion of â€Å"A Hero’s Journey,† or the concept that every story has the same basic structure and plot line which makes use of interchangeable units. We will write a custom essay sample on The Monomyth and the Cosmogonic Cycle or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Also, according to Literary Theory: An Introduction, a book written by Eagleton, â€Å"As long as the structure of relations between the units is preserved, it does not matter which items [one] select[s]. † (Eagleton 83) An example of a renowned fiction that follows the Cosmogonic Cycle is Star Wars. The story begins when the hero is called to adventure: R2D2’s holograph of Princess Leia: classic princess in distress. Among the three general division of the Cosmogonic Cycle, this is where the â€Å"separation† begins. The second stage is the â€Å"refusal of call†; Uncle Owen tells Luke of his other important duties. However, when Luke finds his family house burned, the â€Å"answering call† stage is initiated. Soon, Luke meets the â€Å"guide/talisman† figure, Obi Wan Kenobi, an old family friend who offers help. Luke also meets â€Å"companions† such as R2D2 and 3CPO, his servants that are ironically related to other figures he encounters in the story. The last stage of the separation, â€Å"entering the belly of the whale,† is when the crew is trapped in the Death Star because of the tractor beam. (Sparks) The second stage of the Cosmogonic Cycle, â€Å"Initiation,† gradually builds up the suspense for the third and the final stage of â€Å"return† ; the â€Å"dragon battle,† Vader battles with Obi Wan, followed by â€Å"ritual death, dismemberment: sparagmos,† the death – or disappearance – of Obi Wan. The return of Obi Wan as a spirit is the stage of â€Å"recognition by the father,† as one can also recognize Obi Wan as the father figure of Luke Skywalker. Luke saves Princess Leia, thus passing the stage of â€Å"apotheosis. † Star Wars then lays the final portion, â€Å"return,† beginning with â€Å"refusal of return† when Han Solo refuses to go back to Death Star. However, Han decides to come back for his companions to protect Luke, the stage of â€Å"rescue from without. † In the next stage, â€Å"crossing return threshold,† Falcoln then escapes the exploding Death Star with great luck and effort. Recognition of Han and Luke by the rebel troops is the final stage, â€Å"master of two worlds,† and ends the story and implies its sequel. (Sparks) The monomyth is very important in the human psyche. According to Campbell, The human psyche is essentially the same all over the world. The psyche is the inward experience of the human body, which is essentially the same in all human beings, with the same organs, the same instincts, the same impulses, the same conflicts, the same fears. (â€Å"Monomyth. org†) Archetypes are similar to the idea of the monomyth in that archetypes discuss similar storylines, usually pertaining to â€Å"Fairy Tales†, while the monomyth refers largely to heroic stories. However, both relate the stories’ themes to the human mind. From several studies performed by Freud and Jung, clear connections have been made from narrative to psyche. It is from these studies and philosophies that Joseph Campbell was able to create a highly developed theory of the monomyth. Monomyth also serve the purpose of telling a significant story that is vibrant for the human mind and remains inside our minds for a long period of time. As a result of the magnificent narratives which follow the cosmogonic cycle, the human mind is able to investigate the narrative’s themes in their own subconscious, provoking their very own â€Å"Hero’s Journey† to begin.

Tobacco Industry Csr Malaysia Essay Example Essay Example

Tobacco Industry Csr Malaysia Essay Example Paper Tobacco Industry Csr Malaysia Essay Introduction 1. 0 INTRODUCTION Major tobacco firms in Malaysia have begun investing aggressively Corporate Social Responsibility activities to build a positive public image and brand activities via large contributions into social programs nationwide, and to be recognised as contributors to the greater common good. Although CSR is considered as a corporate entity along standards of business ethics, tobacco industry philanthropic activities encounter much criticism and threat of a comprehensive ban on CSR atop present legislations for Tobacco Advertising, Promotion Sponsorship worldwide. Many concerns have been raised over the practice; alleging that the motives behind tobacco industry CSR are to manipulate public perception of responsible marketing practices and gain favourable position for the individual firms in Malaysia. 2. 0 CSR AND ITS STRATEGIC ADVANTAGES Holme and Watts define CSR as an ongoing pledge by corporations to conduct themselves in an ethical manner and contribute to economic gro wth while developing the quality of workforce livelihood and their families, and the overall local community and societies. CSR programs were developed to answer public urges for corporations to advocate ethical, environmental, health and labour regulations. The Sustainability Entrepreneurship Model by Young and Tilley, as shown in Appendix I, comprises of six decisive factors: eco-efficiency, socio-efficiency, eco-effectiveness, socio-effectiveness and sufficiency and ecological equity; for corporate sustainability which adds to the business’s social responsibilities and enhances its effectiveness, bringing higher cost savings and better profit margins. 8% of consumers said they were more likely to purchase from companies that engages in initiatives to develop society. 3. 0 TOBACCO INDUSTRY AND TOBACCO USE IN MALAYSIA Malaysia is a major cigarette-manufacturing showpiece for tobacco transnational corporations operating in the South East Asian region. Among 92 sectors, the to bacco industry ranks 5th with an economic output totaling to RM11. 7 billion or 3% of Malaysia’s GDP. The tobacco industry in Malaysia comprises of large corporations such as British American Tobacco, market share 68%; Japan Tobacco Inc. 17. 7%; and Philip Morris International, 15. 3%. The industry considers itself a vital contributor in developing Malaysia’s socio-economic condition of the rural population. Tobacco is Malaysia’s most largely cultivated non-food crop, with 12,148 hectares and 1,200 hectares of land solely for tobacco cultivation in Peninsular Malaysia and East Malaysia respectively. The industry’s activities range from tobacco leaf cultivation and curing, tobacco production to marketing and distribution. Tobacco Industry Csr Malaysia Essay Body Paragraphs Records show that more than 190,000 people are employed in the industry, and 120,000 people involved in tobacco farming and curing. Smoking statistics show that 10,000 Malaysians succumb to smoking-related ailments annually, making it the top killers in the country since the 1980s. According to Global Adult Tobacco Survey based in Malaysia, 23. 1% or 4. 75 million adults currently smoke, 43. 9% (4. 64 million) being men and 1. 0% (0. 10 million) women. The study also suggested that the expenditure on manufactures cigarettes cover 3. % of the GDP in 2011, its data showing present smokers using an average of RM 178. 80 monthly on manufactured cigarettes. 4. 0 PRACTICE OF TOBACCO INDUSTRY CSR IN MALAYSIA The industry engages CSR in various methods to achieve maximum public exposure and influence. The common approach of tobacco industry CSR is corporate philanthropy in which the firms provide monetary aids in areas such as culture and arts, education, shelter, social welfare and the envi ronment. In addition, they offer support to government policies and sponsorship of events such as youth smoking prevention programs. Several firms have even established charitable foundations to fund their initiatives, such as the British American Tobacco Foundation which was set up with the aim to obtain and manage funds for education, scientific and other charitable purposes. In conjunction with National Kenaf and Tobacco Board, the foundation has rewarded over 2,000 recipients RM 1. 1 million since its initiation in 2002. Formation of alliances between tobacco firms with non-governmental organizations exist as well. Yayasan Salam Malaysia is a long-term NGO partner of Philip Morris since 2006, both supporting a variety of CSR programs concerning poverty and society’s wellbeing. Their annual partnership had revolved around building information and communication technology (ICT) centres in rural places and providing financial aids for the underprivileged. BAT is also the fir st local tobacco company to publish Social Reports since 2001; these reports highlighting the firms CSR activities conducted year-round, looking forward to aligning itself with other businesses that conduct CSR activities. The company had received the Malaysian Sustainability Reporting Award from the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants for BAT’s efforts in cancer research. 5. 0 CRITICISMS TOWARD TOBACCO INDUSTRY CSR The tobacco industry is one of the most criticised members of the modern business community. Several disputes have arisen worldwide declaring that tobacco industry products are lethal to their consumers, and the CSR activities will be unable to resolve the fundamental contradiction with ethical corporate citizenship. WHO defines tobacco industry tactics utilizing CSR as a tool â€Å"to promote voluntary measures as an effective way to address tobacco control and create an illusion of being a ‘changed’ company and to establish partnerships with health interests. † These charitable campaigns purposefully influence the perception among youths and adults that the tobacco industry is deceitful and guilty for advocating smoking among youths and adults. Tobacco companies’ internal documents have revealed the motives behind industry-sponsored programs, aimed to increase profits and stimulate company investments. It is alleged that by conducting CSR, tobacco firms aim to build favourable views regarding the industry and tobacco issues by demonstrating their responsibility and concern about the wellbeing of consumers and stakeholders. Another tobacco industry goal is to achieve political influence with the intention of obstruct government efforts to regulate tobacco control, as evident in Malaysia. These CSR initiatives also pose as protection against litigations or lawsuits. The sponsorship of tobacco firms in youth anti-smoking campaigns is claimed to be a scheme to access youths for market research, to normalis e brands and to avert success of anti-tobacco campaigns. A report by the British Medical Association stated that tobacco industry CSR as a form of marketing for firms, and as such it should be prohibited under the terms of Article 13 of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, which calls for Parties to impose a full ban on tobacco advertising, promotion and advertising, including CSR. CSR functions in favour of the industry by creating goodwill with lawmakers and the public, crushing bad publicity for its lethal goods, and resolving conflict from tobacco control advocates. The tobacco-caused death and disease suffered by societies and families contradict the advantages of charity or sponsorship for social interests. Tobacco consumption offers zero merits to the underprivileged, and any financial aid offered by tobacco firms accountable for smoking-related ailments and financial woes of the nation fails to relieve poverty, environmental, or health problems. . 0 POLITICAL ECONOMY AND CONTROL OF TOBACCO IN MALAYSIA Advocacy for tobacco control in Malaysia had begun in the 1970s, with gradual growing initiatives to institute specific legislations to regulate tobacco manufacturing and consumption. Compliant to the FCTC, Malaysia enacts legislation compliant with the FCTC by providing extensive regulation and banning of advertising, promotion and sponsorship. Presently, Malaysia allows tobacco industry CSR, and it has been abused by the industry as a strategic tool to change its public image. Measures to undertake the Malaysian smoking epidemic is inconsistent – from one point of view, the cost of lives and health interests; while the other, the critical consequences of tobacco control on tobacco farmers and alleviating poverty. The Malaysian government is an active shareholder and advocate of tobacco. They are major partners in two of Malaysia’s largest tobacco corporations with direct financial interests in the industry. Major shareholders of BA T and JTI include statutory bodies such as the Skim Amanah Saham Bumiputera, Employees Provident Fund, and Amanah Saham Malaysia, demonstrating the Malaysian state controlled ownership of shares in the tobacco industry. A large number of Bumiputeras partake in tobacco cultivation with Bumiputera partners being of key importance in the ownership of tobacco firms. Corresponding to the government policy to promote foreign investment, BAT, Philip Morris, and R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company have set up their subsidiaries and established manufacturing facilities within the country. 7. 0 CONCLUSION In averting the overall poor public image, weak knowledge regarding individual tobacco firms, and more litigations and restraints, the tobacco industry CSR activities are meant to improve public perception of the industry. CSR activities by tobacco firms purposefully highlight their philanthropic contributions to the society and also promote youth smoking prevention programs. As long as there is absence of major restraints and public criticism, the tobacco industry will continue to operate unreservedly, utilising CSR to promote its â€Å"responsible† marketing practices and to receive favorable ratings for individual firms within the country. The tobacco industry’s public relation efforts may possibly influence Malaysian audiences to develop further resistance against the objections faced by the industry, alleviate jurors’ negative scrutiny toward the industry, and thus deteriorating public or legislative support for tobacco control policies in Malaysia. We will write a custom essay sample on Tobacco Industry Csr Malaysia Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Tobacco Industry Csr Malaysia Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Tobacco Industry Csr Malaysia Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Christmas Essays - Course, Curricula, Christmas, Underwater Hockey

Christmas Essays - Course, Curricula, Christmas, Underwater Hockey [Instructor Name] [Course Number] ` Christmas Holiday was very big for me growing up but my favorite holiday was Christmas in the anticipation leading up to it was amazing I couldnt even sleep the night before on the other hand the preparation for Christmas morning was great and the day before Christmas spending the day at Grandmas house watching NBA games and playing in the backyard with my cousins before every family dinner, Chelsea give us a family prayer to bless the food. Christmas time is fun to enjoy the company of my family. It all starts on the day of Christmas Eve, I wake up in the morning and I prepare myself to clean up the house. This process takes a good two hours to clean the whole house. Then when the house is clean that's when my family starts to come over. The time I share with my family is the time we talk about old stories that has happen to our lives throughout the year. My family loves to cook a whole lot of fatting foods like tamales. Tamales is like a big tradition during Christmas, it's a long process to make tamales so it's the best time for my mother and aunts to catch up on gossip. While I am waiting for the tamales to be cooked I am usually on the phone with my friend's trying to find out where all the Christmas parties are at. Christmas was big for me growing up the anticipation for Christmas was out this world. Praying on Christmas eve night right before I go to sleep. Giving Sanata my Christmas list in November so I can be the first house he stop too. I just knew I was going to get everything because I was a good boy leading up to Christmas. I look Christmas and my anticipation as a kid, I was very exticed for Christmas I had. Around midnight is when we gather in the living room to open our gifts. Then after I clean up the mess from all the gifts. My friends start to come over to my house. Most of the time they usually come over because they just got to bored at home. I don't mind having my friend's over at my house when I am spending some time with my family. This is good because I don't have to leave my house to early to just be with my friends. After an hour or so that has pasted by at home, my phone is ringing off the hook. All my friends seem to call early on Christmas Day, they are only calling to see what I got from Christmas. Not only then the anticipation change for me so did the household preparation when I was kid growing up after thanksgiving we start to set up our fake Christmas tree that we had since I was a baby. The Christmas tree we had to put it together part by part at end you could have tell its wasnt real after we put the Christmas tree up we put the light around the tree that sing to us once we hit the button really get annoying after a while drive you so crazy make you want unplug the light so it would stop sing and then come to the outside preparation we had to put the Santa and The deer and light around bushes we did all that as family which mean its just me and my dad while my sister and my mom sit back watch us and boss us around while we doing it. Our outside preparation was the easy part but the part which just want to take break because you be working on the inside of the house and the Christmas tree. Im older now so when come to household preparation we dont do anything no more but the Christmas tree that we still have and try put light around it we stopped doing the Christmas preparation once I became a freshemen in high school and My sister was a junior in high school I miss the days when we the took the household preparation serious as a family. When come down to Christmas dinner after

Antigone

The play â€Å"Antigone† written by Sophocles in 441 BC represents the conflict between religious beliefs and state rule which is still a relevant issue in modern society. As rules in faith can contradict the law made by the state. In the play, Greek ruler, Creon, denies justice in society in order to maintain power.   The play â€Å"Antigone† centers on a woman living in ancient Greece, who defies the laws of the state in order to give her brother a burial. As a result of this action, she faces punishment at the hands of the state. Antigone feels her defiance against the state is justified because of her love towards her brother and belief in justice and humanity rather than the state laws. Through the use of imagery and diction and Structure, Sophocles shows the contrast between divine and state laws in order to illustrate the idea that justice within society.Response through in justice is represented emphasized by the break in the line. â€Å"And now- have the told you a new decree of King Creon. No one shall bury him, no one shall mourn him. Enjambment and repetition is used in the same sentence in order to provide emphasis to his order whereas repetition and use of â€Å"decree† can also signify Creon imperious nature. (Line 5, Prologue)Ismene fear against the laws which stops her from joining Antigone for burying Polyneices, The sentence â€Å"I beg the dead to forgive me, but I am helpless : I must yield to those in authority† represent the conflict between justice is denied when state laws overpower religious laws for Ismene. Use of words such as I am helpless represents her fear. Whereas Antigone’s reaction was contradictory towards Ismene. (Line 45, prologue)â€Å" It is the dead, who make the longest demands not the living: We die for ever†¦Ã¢â‚¬  . Antigone’s statement is presented by confidence whereas Ismene’s was with fear. In this statement Antigone condems state and Creon who is abducting antigone from burying her brother. Use of ellipses in the sentence focuses on the fact that dead lives forever whereas living does not which can emphasis that the rule of dead or god matters more. (Line 55, prologue)Use of god by creon for his power â€Å"I have honor to inform you that our ship of state which recent storms have threatened to destroy †¦. Guided by the merciful wisdom of heaven†. This statement is uses a metaphor which shows comparison between state and a a ship facing storms, and attack of Polynices. By using â€Å"merciful wisdom of heaven† represents his beliefs in Gods but is contradictory to his actions of providing Justice. Line 10 scene 1â€Å"I call for God to witness† is use of God for making belief in of state in people. When the sentry first arrives to see Creon his words are broken because of fear and use of slashes and long pauses representsThe sentence used by Choragus in order to represent justice and god’s action â€Å" can it be gods who have done this† shows that Choragus tries to convince Creon that his decision could be wrong. 95Through use of words such as â€Å"The Gods!† Intolerable† â€Å"pious thought† it represents Creon’s arrogance and his viewpoint of being above Gods.Reference of corruption of mankind could be represented by statement such as â€Å"Money! ..Homes gone, men gone, honest heart corrupted† it shows parallelism between corruption by money and power as by power to, Homes and money can also be destroyed through corruption of power.â€Å"The wisest Have sometimes been known to count a few coins too many† This also represents irony in the statement as Creon interprets that he has too much power which resultsIt is ironic al that Creon uses God in order to represent his own justice or the justice of the state. â€Å"I swear by God and by the throne of God†. Use of oxymoron â€Å" a fortune won is often is fortune†   is used for the sentry here but it it could be foreshadowed to Creon who is corrupted by the power provided to him.First sign of Justice is interpreted in the play when the Sentry reacts to Creon in order to signify the justice â€Å"your very voice distresses me, Are you sure it’s not your conscience†This represents the feeling frustration and anger of Creon is blowed up on the Sentry without being his fault. The use of conscience could be for explaining Creon to question his decision and denial of Justice towards the Sentry. However, it could also indicate for denial of Justice towards Antigone for burying her brother polynieces. It could also indicated the denial of justice for burying Polyneices for Antigone. â€Å"How dreadful it is when the right judge judges you wrong†? 125The use of word dreadfulBibliographySophocles, Antigone, Greece

Write two summaries of those two articles Article

Write two summaries of those two articles - Article Example The concept of ‘agency costs’ pertains as to how the owner of a firm structures and manages the respective incentives and compensations so as to encourage the managers to resort to such decisions, which add to the owners interests, in a monitoring scenario vulnerable to uncertainty and imperfection. The article defines agency costs as the monitoring cost incurred by an owner to restrain a manager from harming one’s interests, the resources spent by the manager to assure compliance with the owner’s interests, and the remnant losses. The theory propounded in this paper tends to explain an array of financial questions related to the issuance of preferred stocks, promulgation of audit reports and soliciting the services of auditors by managers, imposition of restrictions on firms by lenders and endorsements of such restrictions by borrowing firms, the choice of capital sources preferred by varied industries, etc. This article happens to be completely theoretical in its scope, methodology, and totally relies on mathematical models to propound a generalized ‘agency theory’. This article presents the finding that the separation of the actual management and ownership in any firm does always lead to the incurring of agency costs. The quantum of these agency costs will proportionally depend on the cost incurred by an owner if one does away with the manager concerned. The kind and magnitude of agency costs also depend on the types of monitoring costs accrued by an owner, the predilection of the concerned managers for monetary or non monetary gains, and the existence of such managers having the ability to maintain a total financial stake in any venture. The agency costs may be nil if an owner does not incur any monitoring costs. Agency costs may again be nil when a manager bears a complete financial stake in the venture one manages. Besides, in a debt scenario the nature and magnitude of agency costs will

Given Below Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Given Below - Essay Example n American groups, ostracized by institutional racism and cyclical poverty, employed this force in an effort to restructure government and attain more than just â€Å"equal rights†, but also equal opportunity. The endeavor culminated with the establishment of affirmative action, an effort to supersede the lack of equitable opportunity. White ethnicity resurged, in part defensively, as a response. White ethnics applied their cultural identification and political will toward the protection of their jobs and neighborhoods, which they felt were endangered by black demands. They perceived demands of blacks as a threat to their own opportunities and stridently opposed the anti-individual, group recognition of affirmative action. The authors’ argument is reasonable and persuasively delivered. The authors’ propose that black and ethnic cultural resurgence allowed a galvanization of political strength which served the strategic function of supporting and defending issues key to each group. Though inherently similar, these groups sought different political and socioeconomic goals, ultimately resulting in conflict (i.e. the riots of the late 1960s). The political efforts of these two groups, affirmative action and resistance toward de-individualization, strongly supports the authors’ argument that cultural identification was utilized as a stratagem for political and social strength and provides a cogent explanation for the resurgence of ethnic

Divorce Essay -- essays research papers

Broken families are on since the beginning of humanity. In fact, divorce, which has been very common in today’s societies, is the major cause that leads to family devastation. However, although, in some cases, divorce is the only solution for a family to live in peace, one must think many times before taking such decision, and that is because of many . When life becomes unbearable between a women an her husband, they may think of divorce as being a fair solution for both of them to get their â€Å"independence† and live a normal life, they may even think that it is suitable for their children. However, this is not the case , divorce may have some serious consequences that can affect the whole society . Many religions disapprove of divorce. For instance, Islam is against divorce, and even if it is tolerated, it must be the last alternative to do. As we know from the Qu’ran, it was never god’s plan for families to experience such devastation, and that is because of many consequences that many affect not only the divorced couple or their children, but also the whole society. A community where divorce is common doesn’t have strong links and relationships among its people, and hence will lack of solidarity and unity. Beside, divorce and failure of marriages make people lose confidence in marriage and behave against the religious and ethical ideals to satisfy their natural desires. For these reasons, Islam has given to men the right to marry four women; this may prevent men, at least...

Environmental Policy Essay

Last month in the New York Times, Kate Galbraith noted that the campaigns of both Barack Obama and John McCain presented widely differing views on climate change and energy policy, particularly with regards to cap and trade schemes, market-based policy instruments intended to maneuver industrial sectors into reducing their greenhouse emissions. Cap and trade schemes have recently been gaining much currency within the discussions of environmental policy as a means to address the negative impacts which industry has upon the greenhouse problem. Such systems work by creating a financial incentive for emission reduction through the imposition of costs on emissions. By establishing a ‘cap’ which limits the total amount of emissions that can be made by a designated group of polluters and leaving them free to trade permits to pollute with one another, it encourages these polluters to meet or fall below the cap in a flexible market-based fashion, rather than forcing them to comply with stringent regulations that could needlessly compromise their business operations. Companies able to cut their emissions can further profit from selling their permits to those companies facing difficulty in reducing their own emissions. The incentive is that all the companies would choose to bring their emissions to cap levels and try to do so in the most cost-effective fashion. It encourages them to innovate the means to reduce emissions. Other governments have already taken action to introduce cap-and-trade schemes of their own: Australia has the New South Wales Greenhouse Gas Abatement Scheme; the Climate Change Response (Emissions Trading) Amendment Bill was recently enacted in New Zealand; and the European Parliament has its own system known as the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme. At present, no system similar to these exists in federal law, and representatives for both candidates – Dan Esty for Barack Obama, Douglas Holtz-Eakin for John McCain – maintained that this should be remedied as soon as possible. Where they disagree is how such a system should be structured. According to Esty, Obama favors distribution of emissions permits through auction, as this would force polluting businesses to pay competitively during initial distribution. Speaking for McCain, Holtz-Eakin advocates pre-determined distribution, limiting transactions to the permit trading market itself. The design of a cap and trade system is not a trivial matter. A poor design can wreck the efficacy of a cap and trade system as a policy instrument. If permits are distributed too generously, as Holtz-Eakin proposes, what could result is a situation in which industries have little incentive to expunge their business operations of greenhouse emissions, as they would effectively be operating in a trading market where permits are near worthless. Also, cap and trade systems cannot stand alone as an emission-reducing policy instrument, as there is a potential for traders to ‘game’ the market by deliberately holding out on purchasing permits until the last minute so as to reduce their value, making unreduced emissions affordable to even the worst emitter. Furthermore, cap and trade systems lack transparency and present opportunities for fraud. Worse still is that a poorly designed cap and trade system will not account for the geography of polluters, resulting in a NIMBY effect where pollution becomes localized to create ‘emissions ghettos. ’ As such, it should be recommended that any cap and trade system be designed to account for environmental justice, be subject to transparency, and should distribute permits at a market price, perhaps even stabilize such a price at a level high enough to incentivize the development of techniques and technologies to reduce emissions. Furthermore, a cap and trade system must be complemented by other policy instruments such as pollution zoning and carbon taxes. Works Cited Galbraith, Kate. â€Å"Candidates’ Advisers Spar Over Cap-and-Trade. † New York Times. 23 September 2008. Retrieved online November 9, 2008 from: http://greeninc. blogs. nytimes. com/2008/09/23/candidates-advisers-spar-over-cap-and-trade/? scp=3&sq=cap%20trade&st=cse Parker, David. â€Å"Historic climate change legislation passes. † New Zealand Government. 10 September 2008. Retrieved online November 9, 2008 from: http://www. beehive. govt. nz/release/historic+climate+change+legislation+passes Greenhouse Gas Reduction Scheme 2008, Introduction to the greenhouse gas reduction scheme, Greenhouse Gas Reduction Scheme. Retrieved online November 9, 2008 from: http://greenhousegas. nsw. gov. au/documents/Intro-GGAS. pdf Pearce, Fred. â€Å"European trading in carbon-emission permits begins. ’† New Scientist. 6 January 2005. Retrieved online November 9, 2008 from: http://environment. newscientist. com/channel/earth/dn6846-european-trading-in-carbonemission-permits-begins. html

Vaccines and Development of Autism - 1735 Words

Within the past two decades, it has been rumored that the mercury content in commonly-recommended vaccines is responsible for the development of autism in young children. The rumor has caused many parents to deny their children the acceptance of vaccines such as the one given to prevent measles, mumps, and rubella. Despite the fact that scientific research has conclusively disproved the claims made against immunization, many new parents are choosing to raise their infants naturally, that is, without injecting foreign substances into the childrens developing bodies.The new age ideals of the anti-vaccine community seem like a desirable approach to raising a healthy child, however, the lack of immunization in the younger population is causing outbreaks of harmful diseases that had previously been eliminated from our first world society. In order to understand how vaccines work, it is necessary to first understand what a vaccine is. Most vaccines are inactivated, i.e. dead, forms of viruses that are generally injected into the body; because the virus is not active, there is no chance of contracting the illness it was derived from. What this injection does is introduce the immune system to the virus so that the body will already know how to fight against it if an activated, or live, version of it should ever enter the body. As the National Institutes of Health describes it, vaccines take advantage of your bodys natural ability to learn how to combat many disease-causingShow MoreRelatedA Link Between Vaccines And The Development Of Autism1452 Words   |  6 Pagesgreatest medical advancements of our time. The first vaccine was created in 1796 and many more have been created since. These deadly diseases such as smallpox, polio, and diphtheria are now being prevented. Since vaccines have been doing their job, we do not see them around anymore. The media is now displaying vaccines in a negative way and people are listening to the misconstrued knowledge. Parents are worried about the risks associated with the vaccines instead of the diseases they are preventing. TheyRead MoreAutism Is A Fast Growing Disorder1699 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Autism is a fast growing disorder in the United States, the symptoms start occurring in between the ages of 2 to 3 years old. The cause of this epidemic has remained unknown, but several hypotheses have been studied. Throughout those couple of years, children get as many as 32 shots at least (â€Å"Child and Adolescent Schedule†). Parents all over the world have came to concern that vaccines can develop autism. Many studies have came about through this year with vaccines causing Autism in childrenRead MoreThe Effects Of Autism On Children With Early Signs Of Autism1517 Words   |  7 Pages For years there has been many speculations conveying that some vaccines, particularly Measles, Mumps and Rubella (MMR) causes signs of autism. Many compelling concerns have been formulated from parents of children who received vaccines and associated noticeable changes in their children with early signs of autism. Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects the behaviour and co gnition of children (Quinn, 2014). Autism impairs communication, interest and repetitive patterns of behaviourRead MoreVaccines And Its Effect On Health Care1163 Words   |  5 Pages The introduction of vaccines has been a great advancement in the world of medicine. This ground- breaking discovery has a tremendous effect on health care by putting an end to diseases that might otherwise be untreatable. Diseases such as typhoid, whooping cough, and polio which threaten many countries worldwide are now preventable after the discovery of the vaccine. Although the development of vaccines has led to the prevention of deadly illnesses, there has been may controversy based on whetherRead MoreVaccines And Immunizations On Children And Their Development952 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Vaccines are harmful to children they cause Autism, allergies, and death.† We have all heard someone say gruesome things about Vaccines and Immunizations, but what is the truth? In my research I have fou nd that vaccines and immunizations can cause harmful effects on children and their development, but I have also gathered that they can cause a safer environment. Immunizations and vaccines are two different things, which is very misunderstood making parents stop vaccinations and immunizations toRead MoreVaccinations For Common Illnesses And Disease Essay1660 Words   |  7 Pagesvaccination came about when the Measles, Mumps, and Rubella vaccines were all combined (Cave 54). After the release of this new vaccination, the number of kids being diagnosed with autism rose tremendously. Some people were very interested in this sudden spike of autistic children and decided to follow up on it. Many studies were done to see if there was any correlation between the MMR vaccination and the increasing diagnosis of children with autism. Some findings contradict one another. What I believeRead MoreThe Role Of Environmental Factors On The Development Of Autism1074 Words   |  5 PagesFocusing on the role of environmental factors in the development of autism after birth is a popular study amongst the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) community. It is known that genetics strongly influence the risk for developing ASD, but genetics are not responsible alone. The increasing cases of autism have generated great interest in the potential involvement of toxins in our environment and how that impacts children prone to autism spectrum disorder. For example, exposure to the chemicals thalidomideRead MoreThe Anti Vaccine Movement1426 Words   |  6 Pagesdebunking. The anti-vaccine movement can credit its recent increase in successfully spreading fears that vaccines, and particularly either the MMR vaccine (mumps, measles, and rubella) or the vaccine preservative thimerosal, are linked to autism. The claim that the MMR vaccine causes autism is not backed by any scientific evidence and therefore should not be believed. Autism is a developmental disability that is caused by differences in how the brain functions. People with autism may communicate, interactRead MoreVaccination Of Children And Children1730 Words   |  7 Pagesimmune system autistic kids have they would be catching every disease possible. Autism is a condition typified by abnormal qualitative development of social interactions, communication and imagination, with restricted and repetitive interests and activities (Edward Purssell RGN, RSCN, PhD of the University of London). What causes autism? Many parents like to say that the vaccination MMR has caused their child to have autism later in life. Purssell and other authors and doctors have done countless researchRead MoreThe Controversial Link Between Vaccinations And Autism1248 Words   |  5 PagesPosition Paper: The Controversial Link Between Vaccinations and Autism. (4-6 pages) Preventative care is an important cornerstone in pediatrics. It is important and necessary for adult and children’s health. Vaccinations have been a part of this preventative care that doctors insist parents on doing for their children. Marotz (2015) emphasize that the concept of preventative health helps reduce or eliminate factors that threaten a persons’ wellness. Marotz (2015) even suggest that on a personal